Windmill



(Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

D. A. SMITH.

, WINDMILL.

No. 269,731. Patented Bed. 26, 1882.

,ZHWI'OL J2. W-

(ModeL) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

D. A. SMITH.

WINDMILL.

No. 269,731. Patented De0.26, 18 82.

Altorney N PETERS. Pholo-Lilhugmphar, wamin mm QC.

UNrrED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DAVID A. SMITH, OF GREENOASTLE, PENNSYLVANIA.

WINDMlLL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No, 269,731, dated December 26, 1882.

Application filed October 14, 1882.

lMotlcl.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DAVID A. SMITH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Greencastle, in the county of Franklin and State of Penns lvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in WVindmills, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in windmills in which the wind-wheel is its own weather-cock or vane,and which wheel communicates motion by means of two cones placed on the opposite sides of a horizontal plate or cap rigidly secured to the enlarged upper end of a vertical shaft, which in turn communicates by means of governors or pivoted and weighted or spring-pressed arms resting on a cone to a crank or pulley shaft which is in line with or a continuation of the first-named or vertical shaft. I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a machine embodying my invention; Fig. 2, a detached view of my wind-wheel, showing the spiral webs. Fig. 3 shows a modified form of my improvements, in which I use cogs in addition to the cones and plated shaft, also an additional set of arms and a spring to the governors which drive the crank or.pulley shaft; Fig. 4, a vertical section of the adjacent ends of the two shafts, 850. v

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several figures.

The upwardly-converging frame H H H H has journaled in it the vertical shaft 0, the upper end of which is provided with a socket, in which a ball, E, plays, and external to the socket is an annular groove to receive the small driving-cone B.

Over the enlarged upper end of shaft (3 is placed the perforated cap A, having a downturned flange, I, by means of which the plate A is rigidly secured to the enlarged upper end of shaft 0. The perforation in cap A is sufficiently large to permit ball E to pass through it, which ball is partly surrounded by an annular rib on the upper endof shaft 0. This construction serves to keep the wind-wheel shaft in place. The small cone B is placed under the cap, while the large cone B rests upon it, and being on opposite sides of the axis of shaft 0, the two cones act in concert on cap A, which being rigid with shaft 0, said shaft is made to turn. Gone B B and ball E are all mounted on the shaft of wind-wheel G, which is thus supported and left free to take the course of the wind as a weather-cock or vane. Shaft 0 passes down through a thimble or bushing, K, in an annular groove in the top of which thimble are placed balls J, on which the enlarged upper end of shaft 0 rests, which serves to lessen the friction and permit shaft 0 to turn more freely.

On and near the lower end of shaft 0 is rigidly secured a yoke or collar, P, which has the upper ends of weighted or spring-pressed arms D D pivoted in or to it, so that said arms may rest upon and drive cone L, which cone, being fast upon shaft M, communicates either by crank or pulley to pitman N. To increase the traction or driving-power of arms D D, I may use another set of arms toggled to the first, a sliding collar, and a spring, all as clearly shown in Fig. 3. It will be observed that alter the wheel has taken its course with the wind, as does a weather-cock, the wind will act or press upon the spiral webs g g, so as to cause the wheel G to revolve more or less rapidly about its own axis as the force of the wind is increased or diminished,asintheordinarywindmill. Now, when wheel G is thus turned the traction of cones B B will turn the vertical shaft 0, which is stepped at its lower end in the upper end of the lower or crank shaft, M, and since cone L is keyed to shaft M, the governor-arms D D come in contact with the roughened surface thereof, and thus revolve shaft M toimpart motion to machinery connected therewith. It will he observed that in case of a storm the wheel will be driven at great velocity, as in other windmills; but the greater speed of shaft 0 gives increased centrifugal force to the governor-arms D 1) until they are lifted from contact with cone L, when shaft M stops, while the other parts remain in motion, but powerless for damage to the machinery. Thisfeaturel regard as of great importance, since those having a mill of this construction do not have to disconnect or dismantle it in case a storm approaches. The lower or crank shaft is stepped in a nut, O, which is prot'ided with a screw, so

. as to be adjustable to t-ompensate for wear, Ste.

Operation: The operation will be readily understood from the foregoing description, since the parts above the crank-shaft always remain in the same relation to each other, so that the velocity of wheel G will increase the centrifugal motion of the governor, whereby shaft M is disconnected from shaft 0 and the operation of the machinery below is stopped, and the machinery may be put in motion or stopped at the will of the operator by shifting lever N.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is v 1. The combination of shaft 0 and crankshaft M with means, as described, for driving the former, and means whereby the power imparted to shaft 0 may be imparted to shalt M at the will of the operator, substantially as de- 20 scribed.

2. The combination of wheel G, cone B B, and shaft (J, having arms I) D, and crankshaft M, having cone L, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of wheel G, cones B B, and ball E, all mounted on the same shaft, plate A, shaft 0, havingarms D D,and shaft M, having cone L, as and for the purpose set forth.

4:. The combination of wheel Gr, cone B B, ball E, plate A, shaft 0 M, cone L, and arms D D, with or without springs, as shown and described.

DAVID A. SMITH.

Witness s:

J. YoUs, S. F. KAYHOE. 

